Inglês – Lição 24 – Indefinite pronouns
Indefinite pronouns:
São os pronomes, que embora sejam invariáveis, mudam de função de acordo com a forma da frase em que forem usadas.
INTERROGATIVE FORM
Any=algum,alguma
Anybody=alguém
Anyone=alguém
Anything=alguma coisa
Ex: is there anything that you want?
Is there anyone /anybody here?
Do you have any English book to me?
NOTE:
Nesta forma o pronome any tem a tradução: alguma,algum. Embora quando aparecer em frases afirmativas a tradução será: qualquer.
Ex: I have anything to eat now?
AFFIRMATIVE FORM
Some= algum, alguma
Somebody=alguém
Someone=alguém
Somthing=alguma coisa
Ex:
Somebody wants to speak with you.
I see some toys in that box.
You have something to my sister.
Someone left this letter here.
NOTE:
Some pode aparecer em perguntas. Neste caso terá o sentido de oferecimento, convite ou como sugestão. Desde que a resposta seja afirmativa.
Ex:
Do you want to speak with somebody? Yes, I want.
Would you like some coffee ? yes, I would like.
NEGATIVE FORM
No any= nenhum, nenhuma
No anybody=ninguém
Not anyone=ninguém
Nobody=ninguém
Not anything=nada
Nothing=nada
Neste caso uma frase ou oração negativa pode admitir apenas uma negação. Por isso uma frase negativa pode ser expressa de duas formas.
» se o verbo já estiver na forma negativa pode-se usar any.
Ex: there isn’t any piece of cake here.
» o pronome no aparece se o verbo estiver na forma afirmativa.
Ex: there is no piece of cake here.
Logo, uma frase negativa pode ser expressa das seguintes formas:
Ex:
She don’t speak with anybody.
Or
She speaks with nobody.
Outras expressões que causam confusão são:
NO= no sentido de nenhum, nenhuma e
NONE= também com sentido de nenhum, nenhuma.
A diferença entre eles será:
O no =deve ser usado sempre seguido de substantivo.
Ex: you have no toy.
They buy no car.
None= não deve ser seguido de substantivo. Porque seu objetivo na oração é substituir o próprio substantivo.
Ex: do you have any book? I have none.
I bought a new blouse, but my sister bought none.
NOTE:
Esta expressão none of= nenhum de, pode ser usada em três situações:
» quando for seguida de pronomes objetos.
Ex: none of yours came here yesterday.
» quando vier seguido the + nome no plural.
Ex: I don’t see none of the girls there.
» com adjetivos possessivos + substantivo no plural.
Ex: none of our friends went to the beach.
ACTIVITY –I
1) pass the sentences to negative form using no and any. Look at the example:
Ex:
I have a brother.
I have no brother.
I don’t have any brother.
a) she read a book.
____________________________________________________________
b) Peter say some words to me.
____________________________________________________________
c) I take toys to my children.
____________________________________________________________
d) I like to eat cake.
____________________________________________________________
e) her father has a new car.
____________________________________________________________
2) complete the sentences with any or some:
a)do you have____________ friend that speak English?
b) would you like ___________ juice? Yes, please.
c) John will take _________ book. But I didn’t finish to read it.
d) have_________cd, do you want to listen _______?
e) I clean __________ old things.
3) rewrite the sentences and correct their mistakes:
a) I didn’t see nobody at the party.
____________________________________________________________
b) she knows anybody in her new school.
____________________________________________________________
c) I don’t have no problem now.
____________________________________________________________
d) my sister didn’t see nobody at home.
____________________________________________________________
e) Francis wasn’t doing nothing at home.
____________________________________________________________
f) did you see some student here?
____________________________________________________________
g) my mother wants to buy anything for my brother.
____________________________________________________________
NEW VERBS
To put= colocar
To dream= sonhar
To meet= encontrar
To pay= pagar
NEW WORDS
Wall calendar= calendário de parede
Safe= cofre
Sharpener= apontador
Doubts= dúvidas
Mistake= erro
Bus=ônibus
Honey= mel
Library= biblioteca
Blond= loiro
Boss= chefe/ patrão
Check= cheque
Checkbook= talão de cheques
Clumsy=desajeitado
Dish=prato
NEW EXPRESSIONS
To clap hands= aplaudir
To be thirsty= estar com sede
For a while = por um momento
By heart= de cor
At all= absolutamente
ACTIVITY- II
a) translation:
a) you need to pay the secretary.
____________________________________________________________
b) I had a good dream last night.
____________________________________________________________
c) I meet you at the library this afternoon.
____________________________________________________________
d) are they thirsty ?
____________________________________________________________
e) for a while, I dream good things.
____________________________________________________________
f) you were excelent ! everybody claped hands.
____________________________________________________________
g) I read this book and I know by heart.
____________________________________________________________
h) at all, I need to pay you tomorrow morning!
____________________________________________________________
i) Is there anybody here?
____________________________________________________________
j) I meet nobody at library.
____________________________________________________________
b) rewrite the sentences below:
a) you/ checkbook/do/have/ a?
____________________________________________________________
b) at all/ don’t/ I/ you/ understand
____________________________________________________________
c) clumsy/ she/ is.
____________________________________________________________
d) boss/ is/my/ blond.
____________________________________________________________
e) ever/ dishes/ you/ have/washed /the/?
____________________________________________________________
f) I/class/ doubts/ some/ have/this.
____________________________________________________________
g) don’t/ they/ safe/ have/a.
____________________________________________________________
GABARITO
Activity-I
1)
a)
She read no book.
She don’t read any book.
b)
Peter say no words to me.
Peter don’t / didn’t say any words to me.
c)
I take no toys to my children
I don’t take any toys to my children
d)
I like to eat no cake.
I don’t like to eat any cake.
e)
Her father has no a car.
Her father don’t have any car.
2)
a) any
b)some
c) some
d) some / any
e) some
4)
a) I didn’t see anybody at the party./ I see nobody at the party.
b) She don’t know anybody in her new school./ she know nobody in her new school.
c) I don’t have problem now./ I have no problem now.
d) My sister didn’t see anyobody at home./ my sister see nobody at home.
e) Francis was doing nothing at home./ francis wasn’t doing anything at home.
f) Did you see any student here?
g) My mother wants to buy something for my brother.
Activity –II
1)
a) você precisa pagar a secretária.
b) Eu tive um bom sonho noite passada.
c) Eu encontro você na biblioteca esta tarde.
d) Eles estão com sede?
e) Por um momento , eu sonhei coisas boas.
f) Você foi excelente! Todos aplaudiram.
g) eu li este livro e sei de cor.
h) Absolutamente , eu preciso pagar você amanhã.
i) Há alguém aqui?
j) Eu não encontrei ninguém na biblioteca.
2)
a) do you have a checkbook?
b) at all, I don’t understand you.
c)she is clumsy.
d) my boss is blond.
e) have you ever washed the dishes?
f)I have some doubts this class.
g)they don’t have a safe.